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Software Testing

Software testing is the process of evaluating and verifying that a software application or system works as intended. It helps identify bugs, ensure quality, and validate that requirements are met before release.

🧩 Key Concepts​

  • Bug/Defect: An error or flaw in software that produces incorrect or unexpected results.
  • Test Case: A set of conditions or steps used to determine if a feature works correctly.
  • Test Plan: A document outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of testing activities.
  • Test Coverage: The extent to which the code is tested by test cases.
  • Regression Testing: Re-testing after changes to ensure existing functionality is not broken.
  • Automation Testing: Using tools to execute tests automatically.

🧪 Types of Software Testing​

  • Unit Testing: Testing individual components or functions in isolation.
  • Integration Testing: Testing how different components work together.
  • System Testing: Testing the complete and integrated software system.
  • Acceptance Testing: Verifying the system meets business requirements (often done by end users).
  • Smoke Testing: Basic tests to check if the major functions work.
  • Performance Testing: Assessing speed, responsiveness, and stability under load.
  • Security Testing: Identifying vulnerabilities and ensuring data protection.
  • Unit Testing: JUnit (Java), pytest (Python), unittest (Python), Mocha (JavaScript)
  • Automation: Selenium, Cypress, Playwright
  • CI/CD: Jenkins, GitHub Actions, GitLab CI
  • Coverage: Istanbul (JavaScript), Coverage.py (Python)

📚 Learning Resources​

📝 Notes​

  • Good testing improves software quality and user satisfaction.
  • Automated tests speed up development and reduce human error.
  • Testing should be an ongoing part of the development process, not just a final step.